Reino Unido conclui que dominância de Apple e Google no mercado de navegadores atrapalha inovação
A CMA disse que uma das maiores preocupações é em relação a políticas da Apple que determinam como os navegadores atuam em dispositivos da companhia
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Apple e Google dominam o mercado de navegadores, o que pode atrapalhar a inovação (Jaap Arriens/NurPhoto/Getty Images)
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Redatora
Publicado em 13 de março de 2025 às 17h16.
A Autoridade de Mercados e Competição (CMA) do Reino Unido concluiu que o mercado de navegadores na região não está "funcionando bem" e que Google e Apple têm tido práticas que estão “retardando a inovação”. O órgão diz ter identificado uma série de recursos no mercado de navegadores que restringem a competição.
"Os problemas que identificamos significam que os consumidores podem estar perdendo novos recursos ao usar navegadores móveis; e as empresas estão limitadas em sua capacidade de alcançar consumidores por meio de aplicativos de navegador", diz em documento de 611 páginas publicado nesta quarta-feira, 12.
A maioria das preocupações identificadas estão relacionadas às políticas da Apple que determinam como os navegadores atuam em dispositivos da companhia. Um dos exemplos que o órgão cita é a imposição da Apple de que navegadores de terceiros utilizem o próprio mecanismo da Apple, WebKit, que determina o que os navegadores móveis concorrentes podem fazer no iOS, sistema operacional da fabricante de iPhones.
O órgão também conta com investigações em andamento sobre a possibilidade de designar Google e Apple como detentores de status estratégico (SMS) na concorrência de mercados digitais,que diz respeito aos serviços de ecossistemas móveis das companhias.
O relatório final recomenda que se Apple e Google entrarem na categoria de SMS, a CMA deve considerar “impor intervenções apropriadas”. Isso pode incluir medidas que propiciem a competição entre navegadores e o poder de escolha dos usuários.
A investigação do CMA, entretanto, não encontrou preocupações relacionadas ao setor de jogos em nuvem. A Apple realizou mudanças significativas em seu setor de jogos ao longo da investigação que a CMA considerou positiva para a competição, informa a autoridade.
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![TOPSHOT - Apple Park, Apple's circular HQ office building, is seen in an aerial view over Cupertino, California on May 16, 2024. (Photo by JOSH EDELSON / AFP) (Photo by JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)]( "TOPSHOT - Apple Park, Apple's circular HQ office building, is seen in an aerial view over Cupertino, California on May 16, 2024. (Photo by JOSH EDELSON / AFP) (Photo by JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)")
1/8 TOPSHOT - Apple Park, Apple's circular HQ office building, is seen in an aerial view over Cupertino, California on May 16, 2024. (Photo by JOSH EDELSON / AFP) (Photo by JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images) (O complexo ocupa uma área de 175 acres e é conhecido como o "anel espacial" devido ao seu design circular futurista.)
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![Cupertino, California / USA - December 22, 2022: Aerial view of Apple corporate headquarters building in Silicon Valley.
Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.]( "Cupertino, California / USA - December 22, 2022: Aerial view of Apple corporate headquarters building in Silicon Valley.
Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.")
2/8 Cupertino, California / USA - December 22, 2022: Aerial view of Apple corporate headquarters building in Silicon Valley. Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. (A construção do Apple Park custou aproximadamente US$ 5 bilhões.)
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![Attendees wait for the start of an Apple Inc. event at the Steve Jobs Theater in Cupertino, California, U.S., on Wednesday, Sept. 12, 2018. Apple will kick off a blitz of new products this week, ending a year of minor updates and setting the technology giant up for a potentially strong holiday quarter. Photographer: David Paul Morris/Bloomberg via Getty Images]( "Attendees wait for the start of an Apple Inc. event at the Steve Jobs Theater in Cupertino, California, U.S., on Wednesday, Sept. 12, 2018. Apple will kick off a blitz of new products this week, ending a year of minor updates and setting the technology giant up for a potentially strong holiday quarter. Photographer: David Paul Morris/Bloomberg via Getty Images")
3/8 Attendees wait for the start of an Apple Inc. event at the Steve Jobs Theater in Cupertino, California, U.S., on Wednesday, Sept. 12, 2018. Apple will kick off a blitz of new products this week, ending a year of minor updates and setting the technology giant up for a potentially strong holiday quarter. Photographer: David Paul Morris/Bloomberg via Getty Images (O Apple Park possui o Steve Jobs Theater, um auditório com capacidade para 1.000 pessoas, usado para lançamentos de produtos e eventos importantes da empresa.)
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4/8 (Mais de 9.000 árvores foram plantadas no Apple Park, incluindo pomares de frutas, destacando o compromisso da Apple com o meio ambiente e a sustentabilidade.)
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![Cupertino, California, USA - March 28, 2018: Exterior view of Apple Park Visitor Center in Silicon Valley, California. Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company.]( "Cupertino, California, USA - March 28, 2018: Exterior view of Apple Park Visitor Center in Silicon Valley, California. Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company.")
5/8 Cupertino, California, USA - March 28, 2018: Exterior view of Apple Park Visitor Center in Silicon Valley, California. Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company. (O campus abriga cerca de 12.000 funcionários, todos em um único edifício principal com 260.000 metros quadrados.)
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![CUPERTINO, CA - MARCH 25: Attendees gather before an Apple product launch event at the Steve Jobs Theater at Apple Park on March 25, 2019 in Cupertino, California. Apple Inc. announced the launch of it's new video streaming service, and unveiled a premium subscription tier to its News app. (Photo by Michael Short/Getty Images)]( "CUPERTINO, CA - MARCH 25: Attendees gather before an Apple product launch event at the Steve Jobs Theater at Apple Park on March 25, 2019 in Cupertino, California. Apple Inc. announced the launch of it's new video streaming service, and unveiled a premium subscription tier to its News app. (Photo by Michael Short/Getty Images)")
6/8 CUPERTINO, CA - MARCH 25: Attendees gather before an Apple product launch event at the Steve Jobs Theater at Apple Park on March 25, 2019 in Cupertino, California. Apple Inc. announced the launch of it's new video streaming service, and unveiled a premium subscription tier to its News app. (Photo by Michael Short/Getty Images) (O campus utiliza 100% de energia renovável, com um dos maiores sistemas de painéis solares do mundo, gerando cerca de 17 megawatts de energia.)
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![Tim Cook, chief executive officer of Apple Inc., holds an Apple 15-inch MacBook Air laptop computer during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference at Apple Park campus in Cupertino, California, US, on Monday, June 5, 2023. Apple Inc. will charge $3,499 for its long-awaited mixed-reality headset, testing whether consumers are ready to spend big bucks on a technology that the company sees as the future of computing. Photographer: Philip Pacheco/Bloomberg via Getty Images]( "Tim Cook, chief executive officer of Apple Inc., holds an Apple 15-inch MacBook Air laptop computer during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference at Apple Park campus in Cupertino, California, US, on Monday, June 5, 2023. Apple Inc. will charge $3,499 for its long-awaited mixed-reality headset, testing whether consumers are ready to spend big bucks on a technology that the company sees as the future of computing. Photographer: Philip Pacheco/Bloomberg via Getty Images")
7/8 Tim Cook, chief executive officer of Apple Inc., holds an Apple 15-inch MacBook Air laptop computer during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference at Apple Park campus in Cupertino, California, US, on Monday, June 5, 2023. Apple Inc. will charge $3,499 for its long-awaited mixed-reality headset, testing whether consumers are ready to spend big bucks on a technology that the company sees as the future of computing. Photographer: Philip Pacheco/Bloomberg via Getty Images (O Apple Park possui um centro de visitantes com uma loja exclusiva, café e um deck de observação, atraindo milhares de visitantes todos os anos.)
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![Cupertino CA USA December 14, 2019: Apple headquarters offices building exterior and inner court with outdoor eating area, on a bright cold December day.]( "Cupertino CA USA December 14, 2019: Apple headquarters offices building exterior and inner court with outdoor eating area, on a bright cold December day.")
8/8 Cupertino CA USA December 14, 2019: Apple headquarters offices building exterior and inner court with outdoor eating area, on a bright cold December day. (A arquitetura do Apple Park inclui um sistema de ventilação natural que permite que o edifício funcione sem aquecimento ou ar-condicionado durante nove meses do ano.)
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